Schottky diodes have very low forward drop voltage VF which makes them ideal for fast switching applications at lower current ratings. 1N5822 have forward voltage drop of minimum 0.525 V that is it requires 0.525 V to conduct in forward biased direction. The 1N5822 has maximum average forward rectified current IF(AV) of 3A. The maximum repetitive peak reverse voltage VRRM for 1N5822 is 40V.

A diode is a device which allows current flow through only one direction. That is the current should always flow from the Anode to cathode.

This is called a power diode because of its high forward current and reverse voltage with a power dissipation of 6.25W. For 1N5408 Diode, the maximum current carrying capacity is 3A it withstand peaks up to 200A. Hence we can use this in circuits that are designed for less than 3A.  The reverse current is 10uA which is negligible. These diodes have a slow recovery time so in modern electronics it is being replaced by other advanced diodes.

The 1N5819 is a Schottky Diode with forward voltage drop of 600mV and a forward current of 1A. Since it has a very low forward voltage drop it can be used in reverse polarity protection circuits, unlike a normal diode which has more than 1V as forward voltage drop 1N5819 only has 600mV drop across it when 1A current is flowing through it.

Compared to normal diodes Schottky diode also has relatively faster switching speeds and hence can be used in high frequency switching circuits. The reverse blocking voltage for 1N5819 is about 28V only which is kind of a downside for all Schottky diodes so make sure this does not affect the performance in your circuit.

This is a silicon rectifier diode with high current capability. 1N5399 diode has a cathode (-) and anode (+). In the schematic symbol, the tip of the triangle with the line on top of it is the cathode. The cathode is marked on the body of a diode by a band.Diode polarity Current can flow from the anode to the cathode only and never from the cathode to the anode - 1N5399 diode is like a one way valve.

Fr107 is a Fast Recovery Rectifier diode, designed specifically for circuits that need to convert alternating current to direct current. It can pass currents of up to 1 A, and have peak inverse voltage (PIV) rating of 1,000 V.

Fr207 is a Fast Recovery Rectifier diode, designed specifically for circuits that need to convert alternating current to direct current. It can pass currents of 2p to 2 A, and have peak inverse voltage (PIV) rating of 1,000 V.

1N4007 is a rectifier diode, designed specifically for circuits that need to convert alternating current to direct current. It can pass currents of up to 1 A, and have peak inverse voltage (PIV) rating of 1,000 V.

The UF4007 from Multicomp are axial leaded ultra fast recovery power diode in DO-41 package. The device features glass passivated chip junction, low cost, fast efficient plastic rectifiers, high efficiency, low forward voltage and low leakage current and high surge current capability. 

UF4007 diode has a cathode (-) and anode (+). In the schematic symbol, the tip of the triangle with the line on top of it is the cathode. Diode polarity Current can flow from the anode to the cathode only and never from the cathode to the anode - UF4007 diode is like a one way valve.